Improving influenza vaccination performance in an HMO setting: the use of computer-generated reminders and peer comparison feedback.
M B Barton and
S C Schoenbaum
Harvard Community Health Plan, Brookline, MA 02146.
We evaluated a program for improving influenza immunizationperformance in a health maintenance organization (HMO). TheHMO implemented several interventions successively from 1984-87:a postcard reminder to members at high risk for complicationsof influenza, a computer-generated reminder to the physicianat the time of any primary care visit by high-risk patients,performance feedback to chiefs of service, and, finally, retrospectivefeedback to each physician comparing his/her performance withthat of the other physicians. We examined immunization ratesfor a group of members older than age 65, a high-risk groupunder age 65, and a group of diabetic members who had not beensubject to the reminders (vs a group who had been covered bythe program). Vaccination rates were increased in those diabeticmembers who received reminders. Nevertheless, among membersyounger and older than age 65 whose experience was observedover three flu seasons, a significant increase in vaccinationrates was not achieved until physician feedback was added tothe program. We conclude that each element of the reminder andfeedback program has contributed to the overall increase invaccination rates at the HMO and that effective ongoing influenzaimmunization programs can be implemented in practice settingswith appropriate systems support.
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