Activating communities for health promotion: a process evaluation method.
T M Wickizer,
M Von Korff,
A Cheadle,
J Maeser,
E H Wagner,
D Pearson,
W Beery and
B M Psaty
Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
OBJECTIVES. To date, evaluations of community-based preventionprograms have focused on assessing outcomes, not the processof organizing communities for health promotion. An approachwas developed to analyze community organization efforts aimedat advancing community health objectives. These organizationalprocesses are referred to as community activation. METHODS.Information was gathered from 762 informants through a key informantsurvey conducted in 28 western communities. The data collectedincluded informant ratings of community activation and informationabout interorganizational activities analyzed through networkanalytic techniques. RESULTS. Activation levels, as measuredby informant ratings, varied across communities. Program coordination,as measured by network analysis, occurred, on average, approximately30% of the time. Higher income communities tended to be moreactivated than lower income communities. CONCLUSIONS. Thereis a widely recognized need for improved information about health-relatedcommunity organization activities. It appears possible to gathersuch information through key informant surveys and to developmeasures of community organization status that can be used inthe evaluation of community health promotion programs.
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