Community education for cardiovascular disease prevention: risk factor changes in the Minnesota Heart Health Program.
R V Luepker,
D M Murray,
D R Jacobs, Jr,
M B Mittelmark,
N Bracht,
R Carlaw,
R Crow,
P Elmer,
J Finnegan and
A R Folsom
Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455-1015.
OBJECTIVES. The Minnesota Heart Health Program is a 13-yearresearch and demonstration project to reduce morbidity and mortalityfrom coronary heart disease in whole communities. METHODS. Threepairs of communities were matched on size and type; each pairhad one education site and one comparison site. After baselinesurveys, a 5- to 6-year program of mass media, community organization,and direct education for risk reduction was begun in the educationcommunities, whereas surveys continued in all sites. RESULTS.Many intervention components proved effective in targeted groups.However, against a background of strong secular trends of increasinghealth promotion and declining risk factors, the overall programeffects were modest in size and duration and generally withinchance levels. CONCLUSIONS. These findings suggest that evensuch an intense program may not be able to generate enough additionalexposure to risk reduction messages and activities in a largeenough fraction of the population to accelerate the remarkablyfavorable secular trends in health promotion activities andin most coronary heart disease risk factors present in the studycommunities.
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