|
 |
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md 20892, USA.
OBJECTIVES. This study provides revised baseline data for the Healthy People 2000 objective related to fruit and vegetable intakes, accounting for fruits and vegetable intakes, accounting for fruits and vegetables from all sources and measuring servings in a manner consistent with current dietary guidance. METHODS. Dietary data from 8181 adults in the US Department of Agriculture's 1989-1991 Continuing Surveys of Food Intakes by Individuals were examined. All foods were disaggregated into their component ingredients; all fruit and vegetable ingredients were assigned specific weights to correspond to a serving as defined by current dietary guidance materials; and the number of servings was tallied. RESULTS. While mean intakes of fruits and vegetables--4.3 servings per day--were not far from the Year 2000 objective, only 32% of American adults' intakes met the objective. When more stringent standards were set either to compensate for higher calorie levels or to achieve the balance between fruits and vegetables suggested in current guidance, only 24% and 12%, respectively, met the recommendations. CONCLUSIONS. These results suggest a need to develop strategies for overcoming barriers to eating fruits and vegetables.
Related articles in AJPH:
- Improving Americans' diet--setting public policy with limited knowledge.
- J R Marshall
AJPH 1995 85: 1609-1611.[PDF]
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  K. L. Tucker, J. Hallfrisch, N. Qiao, D. Muller, R. Andres, and J. L. Fleg The Combination of High Fruit and Vegetable and Low Saturated Fat Intakes Is More Protective against Mortality in Aging Men than Is Either Alone: The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging J. Nutr., March 1, 2005; 135(3): 556 - 561. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H.-C. Hung, K. J. Joshipura, R. Jiang, F. B. Hu, D. Hunter, S. A. Smith-Warner, G. A. Colditz, B. Rosner, D. Spiegelman, and W. C. Willett Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk of Major Chronic Disease J Natl Cancer Inst, November 3, 2004; 96(21): 1577 - 1584. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. J. Birmingham, J. A. Shultz, and M. Edlefsen Factors Related to Frequency of Fruits and Vegetables Served to Children and Consumed by Mothers in Low-Income Households Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal, September 1, 2004; 33(1): 442 - 456. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Resnicow, F. McCarty, and T. Baranowski Are precontemplators less likely to change their dietary behavior? A prospective analysis Health Educ. Res., December 1, 2003; 18(6): 693 - 705. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. G. Clark, C. R. Nigg, G. Greene, D. Riebe, and S. D. Saunders The Study of Exercise and Nutrition in Older Rhode Islanders (SENIOR): translating theory into research Health Educ. Res., October 1, 2002; 17(5): 552 - 561. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Resnicow, A. Jackson, R. Braithwaite, C. DiIorio, D. Blisset, S. Rahotep, and S. Periasamy Healthy Body/Healthy Spirit: a church-based nutrition and physical activity intervention Health Educ. Res., October 1, 2002; 17(5): 562 - 573. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. S. Jones and L. N. Burkett A Comparison of Instructional Methods for Weight Loss in Women Health Promot Pract, October 1, 2002; 3(4): 501 - 506. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. E. Adler and K. Newman Socioeconomic Disparities In Health: Pathways And Policies Health Aff., March 1, 2002; 21(2): 60 - 76. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Resnicow, A. Jackson, T. Wang, A. K. De, F. McCarty, W. N. Dudley, and T. Baranowski A Motivational Interviewing Intervention to Increase Fruit and Vegetable Intake Through Black Churches: Results of the Eat for Life Trial Am J Public Health, October 1, 2001; 91(10): 1686 - 1693. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. M. Krebs-Smith and L. S. Kantor Choose a Variety of Fruits and Vegetables Daily: Understanding the Complexities J. Nutr., February 1, 2001; 131(2): 487S - 501. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. S. Johnston, C. A. Taylor, and J. S Hampl More Americans Are Eating "5 A Day" but Intakes of Dark Green and Cruciferous Vegetables Remain Low J. Nutr., December 1, 2000; 130(12): 3063 - 3067. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Feskanich, R. G. Ziegler, D. S. Michaud, E. L. Giovannucci, F. E. Speizer, W. C. Willett, and G. A. Colditz Prospective Study of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Risk of Lung Cancer Among Men and Women J Natl Cancer Inst, November 15, 2000; 92(22): 1812 - 1823. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Liu, J. E Manson, I-M. Lee, S. R Cole, C. H Hennekens, W. C Willett, and J. E Buring Fruit and vegetable intake and risk of cardiovascular disease: the Women's Health Study Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2000; 72(4): 922 - 928. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. E Thompson, V. Kipnis, A. F Subar, S. M Krebs-Smith, L. L Kahle, D. Midthune, N. Potischman, and A. Schatzkin Evaluation of 2 brief instruments and a food-frequency questionnaire to estimate daily number of servings of fruit and vegetables Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2000; 71(6): 1503 - 1510. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. A. Smith-Warner, P. J. Elmer, T. M. Tharp, L. Fosdick, B. Randall, M. Gross, J. Wood, and J. D. Potter Increasing Vegetable and Fruit Intake: Randomized Intervention and Monitoring in an At-Risk Population Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., March 1, 2000; 9(3): 307 - 317. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Lykkesfeldt, S. Christen, L. M Wallock, H. H Chang, R. A Jacob, and B. N Ames Ascorbate is depleted by smoking and repleted by moderate supplementation: a study in male smokers and nonsmokers with matched dietary antioxidant intakes1 Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, February 1, 2000; 71(2): 530 - 536. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. M. Emmons, K. J. Kalkbrenner, N. Klar, T. Light, K. A. Schneider, and J. E. Garber Behavioral Risk Factors among Women Presenting for Genetic Testing Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., January 1, 2000; 9(1): 89 - 94. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. A. Hiatt and B. K. Rimer A New Strategy for Cancer Control Research Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., November 1, 1999; 8(11): 957 - 964. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. N. Ames Cancer prevention and diet: Help from single nucleotide polymorphisms PNAS, October 26, 1999; 96(22): 12216 - 12218. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Sorensen, A. Stoddard, and E. Macario Social Support and Readiness to Make Dietary Changes Health Educ Behav, October 1, 1998; 25(5): 586 - 598. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. F. Subar, S. M. Krebs-Smith, A. Cook, and L. L. Kahle Dietary Sources of Nutrients Among US Children, 1989-1991 Pediatrics, October 1, 1998; 102(4): 913 - 923. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. A. Dennison, H. L. Rockwell, and S. L. Baker Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Young Children J. Am. Coll. Nutr., August 1, 1998; 17(4): 371 - 378. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. H. Patterson, S. M. Krebs-Smith, A. F. Subar, B. M. Popkin, A. M. Siega-Riz, P. S. Haines, and S. Kumanyika Correction and Revision of Conclusions -- Dietary Trends in the United States N. Engl. J. Med., December 18, 1997; 337(25): 1846 - 1848. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. J. Appel, T. J. Moore, E. Obarzanek, W. M. Vollmer, L. P. Svetkey, F. M. Sacks, G. A. Bray, T. M. Vogt, J. A. Cutler, M. M. Windhauser, et al. A Clinical Trial of the Effects of Dietary Patterns on Blood Pressure N. Engl. J. Med., April 17, 1997; 336(16): 1117 - 1124. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. R. Young Evidence for a recommended dietary allowance for vitamin C from pharmacokinetics: A comment and analysis PNAS, December 10, 1996; 93(25): 14344 - 14348. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |