Factors contributing to the hospitalization of patients with congestive heart failure.
M H Chin and
L Goldman
Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass, USA.
OBJECTIVES: This study identifies acute precipitants of hospitalizationand evaluates utilization of angiotension-converting enzymeinhibitors in patients admitted with congestive heart failure.METHODS: Cross-sectional chart-review study was done of 435patients admitted nonelectively from February 1993 to February1994 to an urban university hospital with a complaint of shortnessof breath or fatigue and evidence of congestive heart failure.RESULTS: The most common identifiable abnormalities associatedwith clinical deterioration prior to admission were acute anginalchest pain (33%), respiratory infection (16%), uncontrolledhypertension with initial systolic blood pressure > or =180 mm Hg (15%), atrial arrhythmia with heart rate > or =120 (8%), and noncompliance with medications (15%) or diet (6%);in 34% of patients, no clear cause could be identified. Afterexclusion of those who were already on a different vasodilatoror who had relative contraindications, 18 (32%) of the patientswith ejection fractions < or = 0.35 measured prior to admissionwere not taking an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor onpresentation to the hospital. CONCLUSIONS: Interventions toimprove compliance, the control of hypertension, and the appropriateuse of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors may preventmany hospitalizations of heart-failure patients.
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