The impact of physician bonuses, enhanced fees, and feedback on childhood immunization coverage rates.
G Fairbrother,
K L Hanson,
S Friedman and
G C Butts
Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Bronx, NY 10467, USA. hend101w@wonder.em.edc.gov
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the effectson immunization coverage of 3 incentives for physicians--a cashbonus for practice--wide increases, enhanced fee for service,and feedback. METHODS: Incentives were applied at 4-month intervalsover 1 year among 60 inner-city office-based pediatricians.At each interval, charts of 50 randomly selected children between3 and 35 months of age were reviewed per physician. RESULTS:The percentage of children who were up to date for diphtheria,tetanus, and pertussis and Haemophilus influenzae type b; polio;and measles-mumps-rubella immunization in the study's bonusgroup improved by 25.3 percentage points (P < .01). No significantchanges occurred in the other groups. However, percentage ofimmunizations received outside the participating practice alsoincreased significantly in the bonus group (P < .01). Levelsof missed opportunities to immunize were high in all groupsand did not change over time. Physicians' knowledge of contraindicationswas low. CONCLUSIONS: Bonuses sharply and rapidly increasedimmunization cover-age in medical records. However, much ofthe increase was the result of better documentation. A bonusis a powerful incentive, but more structure or education maybe necessary to achieve the desired results.
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