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American Journal of Public Health, Vol 90, Issue 1 36-46, Copyright © 2000 by American Public Health Association

JOURNAL ARTICLE

"Cater to the children": the role of the lead industry in a public health tragedy, 1900-1955

G Markowitz and D Rosner
Department of History, John Jay College and Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, USA.

A major source of childhood lead poisoning, still a serious problem in the United States, is paint. The dangers of lead were known even in the 19th century, and the particular dangers to children were documented in the English-language literature as early as 1904. During the first decades of the 20th century, many other countries banned or restricted the use of lead paint for interior painting. Despite this knowledge, the lead industry in the United States did nothing to discourage the use of lead paint on interior walls and woodwork. In fact, beginning in the 1920s, the Lead Industries Association and its members conducted an intensive campaign to promote the use of paint containing white lead, even targeting children in their advertising. It was not until the 1950s that the industry, under increasing pressure, adopted a voluntary standard limiting the amount of lead in interior paints.


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