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October 2001, Vol 91, No. 10 | American Journal of Public Health 1577-1579
© 2001 American Public Health Association


FIELD ACTION REPORT

Impact of the Safe Water System on Water Quality in Cyclone-Affected Communities in Madagascar

Yves Mong, Reinhard Kaiser, MD, MPH, Dasy Ibrahim, Rasoatiana, Lalaina Razafimbololona and Robert E. Quick, MD, MPH

Yves Mong is with the Centre National de Recherches sur l'Environnement, Antanan-arivo, Madagascar. Reinhard Kaiser is with the Epidemic Intelligence Service and the National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga. Dasy Ibrahim, Rasoatiana, and Lalaina Razafimbololona are with CARE Madagascar, Antanan-arivo. Robert E. Quick is with the Foodborne and Diarrheal Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga.

Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Reinhard Kaiser, MD, MPH, National Center for Environmental Health, Division of Environmental Hazards and Health Effects, Health Studies Branch (E23), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 (e-mail: rik9{at}cdc.gov).

Cyclone Hudah struck the northeastern coast of Madagascar in the spring of 2000. Over a 5-month period, 11 700 relief kits consisting of bottles of water disinfectant and foldable jerry cans were distributed to the affected population. Five months after the cyclone, a survey was conducted in 12 villages to determine the impact of these relief kits on water quality.

Seventy-six percent of the surveyed households reported using jerry cans, and 65% reported using the disinfectant. Stored water in households using both products had significantly less microbiological contamination than stored water in other households. To improve the prospects for a sustainable intervention, the response plan for future disasters should incorporate a transition to recovery and development, including formative research into local customs, beliefs, and water handling habits, and funding support to initiate social marketing.




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