Food insufficiency, family income, and health in US preschool and school-aged children
K Alaimo, CM Olson, EA Frongillo Jr and RR Briefel
Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA. kalaimo@umich.edu
OBJECTIVES: This study investigated associations between family income,
food insufficiency, and health among US preschool and school-aged children.
METHODS: Data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination
Survey were analyzed. Children were classified as food insufficient if the
family respondent reported that the family sometimes or often did not get
enough food to eat. Regression analyses were conducted with health measures
as the outcome variables. Prevalence rates of health variables were
compared by family income category, with control for age and gender. Odds
ratios for food insufficiency were calculated with control for family
income and other potential confounding factors. RESULTS: Low-income
children had a higher prevalence of poor/fair health status and iron
deficiency than high-income children. After confounding factors, including
poverty status, had been controlled, food-insufficient children were
significantly more likely to have poorer health status and to experience
more frequent stomachaches and headaches than food-sufficient children;
preschool food-insufficient children had more frequent colds. CONCLUSIONS:
Food insufficiency and low family income are health concerns for US
preschool and school-aged children.
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