Epidemiologic trends in the hospitalization of elderly Medicare patients for pneumonia, 1991-1998
WB Baine, W Yu and JP Summe
Center for Outcomes and Effectiveness Research, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Department of Health and Human Services, 6010 Executive Blvd, Rockville, MD 20852-3813, USA. wbaine@ahrq.gov
OBJECTIVES: This study determined hospitalization rates of elderly
Americans for pneumonia from 1991 through 1998. METHODS: Epidemiologic data
were described for 273,143 pneumonia hospitalizations. RESULTS: Annual
hospitalizations for aspiration pneumonia increased by 93.5%. Pneumonia
hospitalization rates increased steeply with age, especially among men.
Black men were at highest risk for aspiration, unspecified, Klebsiella,
"other gram-negative," and staphylococcal pneumonia; White men had the
highest Haemophilus and pneumococcal pneumonia rates. Among women, Blacks
predominated in aspiration and Klebsiella pneumonia; Whites had the highest
Haemophilus and bronchopneumonia rates. CONCLUSIONS: An epidemic of
hospitalization for aspiration pneumonia smoldered over 8 years.
Significant disparities existed in hospitalization risks by race, sex, and
principal diagnosis.
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