Brief Intervention for Heavy-Drinking College Students: 4-Year Follow-Up and Natural History
John S. Baer, PhD,
Daniel R. Kivlahan, PhD,
Arthur W. Blume, MS,
Patrick McKnight, PhD and
G. Alan Marlatt, PhD
John S. Baer and Daniel R. Kivlahan are, and at the time of the study Patrick McKnight was, with the Center of Excellence in Substance Abuse Treatment and Education, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Wash. John S. Baer, Arthur W. Blume, and G. Alan Marlatt are with the Department of Psychology, and Daniel R. Kivlahan is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle.
Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to John S. Baer, PhD, S116-ATC, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 (e-mail: jsbaer{at}u.washington.edu).
Objectives. This study examined long-term response to an individualpreventive intervention for high-risk college drinkers relativeto the natural history of college drinking.
Methods. A single-session, individualized preventive interventionwas evaluated within a randomized controlled trial with collegefreshmen who reported drinking heavily while in high school.An additional group randomly selected from the entire screeningpool provided a normative comparison. Participant self-reportwas assessed annually for 4 years.
Results. High-risk controls showed secular trends for reduceddrinking quantity and negative consequences without changesin drinking frequency. Those receiving the brief preventiveintervention reported significant additional reductions, particularlywith respect to negative consequences. Categorical individualchange analyses show that remission is normative, and they suggestthat participants receiving the brief intervention are morelikely to improve and less likely to worsen regarding negativedrinking consequences.
Conclusions. Brief individual preventive interventions for high-riskcollege drinkers can achieve long-term benefits even in thecontext of maturational trends.
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