Estimation of Health Benefits From a Local Living Wage Ordinance
Rajiv Bhatia, MD, MPH and
Mitchell Katz, MD
The authors are with the San Francisco Department of Public Health and the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Rajiv Bhatia, MD, MPH, San Francisco Department of Public Health, 1390 Market St, Suite 822, San Francisco, CA 94102 (e-mail: rajiv_bhatia{at}dph.sf.ca.us).
Objectives. This study estimated the magnitude of health improvementsresulting from a proposed living wage ordinance in San Francisco.
Methods. Published observational models of the relationshipof income to health were applied to predict improvements inhealth outcomes associated with proposed wage increases in SanFrancisco.
Results. With adoption of a living wage of $11.00 per hour,we predict decreases in premature death from all causes foradults aged 24 to 44 years working full-time in families whosecurrent annual income is $20 000 (for men, relative hazard [RH]= 0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.92, 0.97; for women,RH = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.95, 0.98). Improvements in subjectivelyrated health and reductions in the number of days sick in bed,in limitations of work and activities of daily living, and indepressive symptoms were also predicted, as were increases indaily alcohol consumption. For the offspring of full-time workerscurrently earning $20 000, a living wage predicts an increaseof 0.25 years (95% CI = 0.20, 0.30) of completed education,increased odds of completing high school (odds ratio = 1.34,95% CI = 1.20, 1.49), and a reduced risk of early childbirth(RH = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.69, 0.86).
Conclusions. A living wage in San Francisco is associated withsubstantial health improvement.
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