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© 2002 American Public Health Association
RESEARCH AND PRACTICE |
Prabhat Jha is with the World Bank, Washington, DC and the Centre for Health and Development, University of Toronto, Canada. M. Kent Ranson is with the Health Policy Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England. Son N. Nguyen is with the World Bank, Washington, DC. Derek Yach is with the Non-Communicable Disease and Mental Health Cluster, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Prabhat Jha, MD, DPhil, Centre for Health and Development, University of Toronto, St. Michael's Hospital Research Institute, 30 Bond St, Toronto, Canada, M5B 1W8 (e-mail: prabhat.jha{at}utoronto.ca).
Objectives. We calculated regional and sex- and age-specific smoking prevalence estimates worldwide in 1995.
Methods. Sex-specific smoking prevalence data from studies in 139 countries and age distribution data from 7 studies were analyzed.
Results. Globally, 29% of persons aged 15 years or older were regular smokers in 1995. Four fifths of the world's 1.1 billion smokers lived in low- or middle-income countries. East Asian countries accounted for a disproportionately high percentage (38%) of the world's smokers. Males accounted for four fifths of all smokers, and prevalence among males and females was highest among those aged 30 to 49 years (34%).
Conclusions. Future decades will see dramatic increases in tobacco-attributable deaths in low- and middle-income regions. Although much of this excess mortality can be prevented if smokers stop smoking, quitting remains rare in low- and middle-income countries. (Am J Public Health. 2002;92:1002–1006)
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