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Dorothy D. Dunlop, PhD, Jing Song, MS, John S. Lyons, PhD, Larry M. Manheim, PhD and Rowland W. Chang, MD, MPH

Dorothy D. Dunlop, Jing Song, and Larry M. Manheim are with the Institute for Health Services Research and Policy Studies, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill, and the Multidisciplinary Clinical Research Center in Rheumatology, Northwestern University. John S. Lyons is with the Multidisciplinary Clinical Research Center in Rheumatology, Northwestern University, and the Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine. Rowland W. Chang is with the Multidisciplinary Clinical Research Center in Rheumatology, Northwestern University; the Departments of Preventive Medicine, Medicine, and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine; and the Arthritis Center, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago.

Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Dorothy D. Dunlop, PhD, Institute for Health Services Research and Policy Studies, Northwestern University, 339 E Chicago 7th Floor, Chicago, IL 60611 (e-mail: ddunlop{at}northwestern.edu).

Objectives. We estimated racial/ethnic differences in rates of major depression and investigated possible mediators.

Methods. Depression prevalence rates among African American, Hispanic, and White adults were estimated from a population-based national sample and adjusted for potential confounders.

Results. African Americans (odds ratio [OR] = 1.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.93, 1.44) and Hispanics (OR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.02, 2.04) exhibited elevated rates of major depression relative to Whites. After control for confounders, Hispanics and Whites exhibited similar rates, and African Americans exhibited significantly lower rates than Whites.

Conclusions. Major depression and factors associated with depression were more frequent among members of minority groups than among Whites. Elevated depression rates among minority individuals are largely associated with greater health burdens and lack of health insurance, factors amenable to public policy intervention.

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