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Rachel Church Potter, DVM, MS, John B. Kaneene, DVM, PhD, MPH and William N. Hall, MD, MPH

Rachel Church Potter is with the Department of Epidemiology and John B. Kaneene is with the Population Medicine Center and the Department of Epidemiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing. William Hall is with the Michigan Department of Community Health, Lansing.

Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to John B. Kaneene, DVM, PhD, MPH, Population Medicine Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, A-109 Veterinary Medicine Center, East Lansing, MI 48823 (e-mail: kaneene{at}cvm.msu.edu).

Objectives. This case–control study investigated risk factors for campylobacteriosis in a rural population. Exposure to live farm animals was hypothesized to increase the risk for Campylobacter jejuni enteritis.

Methods. Incident cases from rural counties reported to the Michigan Department of Community Health and matched controls completed a self-administered postal questionnaire.

Results. Persons engaged in poultry husbandry had increased odds of campylobacteriosis (odds ratio = 6.884; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.438, 32.954). There was evidence for a dose–response relationship between the number of types of poultry contact and campylobacteriosis.

Conclusions. We estimate that 18% (95% CI = 6%, 30%) of Campylobacter cases occurring in rural populations are attributable to poultry husbandry. Cases occurred in individuals who were not poultry farmers by occupation.

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