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August 2003, Vol 93, No. 8 | American Journal of Public Health 1261-1267
© 2003 American Public Health Association


PUBLIC HEALTH MATTERS

Why Don’t We See More Translation of Health Promotion Research to Practice? Rethinking the Efficacy-to-Effectiveness Transition

Russell E. Glasgow, PhD, Edward Lichtenstein, PhD and Alfred C. Marcus, PhD

Russell E. Glasgow and Alfred C. Marcus are with Kaiser Permanente Colorado and AMC Cancer Research Center, Denver. Edward Lichtenstein is with the Oregon Research Institute, Eugene.

Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Russell E. Glasgow, PhD, PO Box 349, Canon City, CO 81215 (e-mail: russg{at}ris.net).

The gap between research and practice is well documented. We address one of the underlying reasons for this gap: the assumption that effectiveness research naturally and logically follows from successful efficacy research. These 2 research traditions have evolved different methods and values; consequently, there are inherent differences between the characteristics of a successful efficacy intervention versus those of an effectiveness one. Moderating factors that limit robustness across settings, populations, and intervention staff need to be addressed in efficacy studies, as well as in effectiveness trials. Greater attention needs to be paid to documenting intervention reach, adoption, implementation, and maintenance. Recommendations are offered to help close the gap between efficacy and effectiveness research and to guide evaluation and possible adoption of new programs.




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Y. Robitaille, S. Laforest, M. Fournier, L. Gauvin, M. Parisien, H. Corriveau, F. Trickey, and N. Damestoy
Moving Forward in Fall Prevention: An Intervention to Improve Balance Among Older Adults in Real-World Settings
Am J Public Health, November 1, 2005; 95(11): 2049 - 2056.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Health Educ ResHome page
K. Robinson, S. J. Elliott, S. M. Driedger, J. Eyles, J. O'Loughlin, B. Riley, R. Cameron, D. Harvey, and on behalf of the CHHDP Strategic and Research Advi
Using linking systems to build capacity and enhance dissemination in heart health promotion: a Canadian multiple-case study
Health Educ. Res., October 1, 2005; 20(5): 499 - 513.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Schizophr BullHome page
E. Bromley
A Collaborative Approach to Targeted Treatment Development for Schizophrenia: A Qualitative Evaluation of the NIMH-MATRICS Project
Schizophr Bull, October 1, 2005; 31(4): 954 - 961.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Ann Fam MedHome page
B. F. Crabtree, W. L. Miller, A. F. Tallia, D. J. Cohen, B. DiCicco-Bloom, H. E. McIlvain, V. A. Aita, J. G. Scott, P. B. Gregory, K. C. Stange, et al.
Delivery of Clinical Preventive Services in Family Medicine Offices
Ann. Fam. Med, September 1, 2005; 3(5): 430 - 435.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Child MaltreatHome page
D. J. Whitaker, J. R. Lutzker, and G. A. Shelley
Child Maltreatment Prevention Priorities at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Child Maltreat, August 1, 2005; 10(3): 245 - 259.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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Health Promot PractHome page
A. A. Gandelman, S. A. Vogan, and M. M. Dolcini
Assessing HIV Prevention Provider Knowledge of Behavior Science Theory: Building on Existing Intuitive Experience
Health Promot Pract, July 1, 2005; 6(3): 299 - 307.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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Am. J. PsychiatryHome page
M. McFall, A. J. Saxon, C. E. Thompson, D. Yoshimoto, C. Malte, K. Straits-Troster, E. Kanter, X.-H. A. Zhou, C. M. Dougherty, and B. Steele
Improving the Rates of Quitting Smoking for Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Am J Psychiatry, July 1, 2005; 162(7): 1311 - 1319.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Ann Fam MedHome page
T. Bodenheimer, D. M. Young, K. MacGregor, and J. S. Holtrop
Practice-Based Research in Primary Care: Facilitator of, or Barrier to, Practice Improvement?
Ann. Fam. Med, July 1, 2005; 3(suppl_2): S28 - S32.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Ann Fam MedHome page
A. M. Adelman and M. Graybill
Integrating a Health Coach into Primary Care: Reflections From the Penn State Ambulatory Research Network
Ann. Fam. Med, July 1, 2005; 3(suppl_2): S33 - S35.
[Full Text] [PDF]


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Ann Fam MedHome page
J. W. Mold and K. A. Peterson
Primary Care Practice-Based Research Networks: Working at the Interface Between Research and Quality Improvement
Ann. Fam. Med, May 1, 2005; 3(suppl_1): S12 - S20.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Health Educ ResHome page
M. C. White, J. P. Tulsky, E. Menendez, S. Arai, J. Goldenson, and L. M. Kawamura
Improving tuberculosis therapy completion after jail: translation of research to practice
Health Educ. Res., April 1, 2005; 20(2): 163 - 174.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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Efficacy to effectiveness: The Role of Private Enterprise in Translating Research to Practice
Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus
AJPH Online, 11 Nov 2003 [Full text]



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