|
 |
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
© 2004 American Public Health Association
RESEARCH AND PRACTICE |
Jouni J. K. Jaakkola is with the Institute of Occupational Health, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom, and the Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Finland. Mika Gissler is with the National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health, Helsinki.
Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Jouni J. K. Jaakkola, MD, DSc, PhD, Institute of Occupational Health, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT UK (e-mail: j.jaakkola{at}bham.ac.uk).
Objectives. We examined the relationships among maternal smoking in pregnancy, fetal development, and the risk of asthma in childhood.
Methods. We conducted a population-based cohort study, where all 58 841 singleton births were followed for 7 years using nationwide registries.
Results. Maternal smoking increased the risk of asthma (adjusted odds ratio = 1.35; 95% confidence interval = 1.13, 1.62 for high exposure). Low birthweight and preterm delivery increased the risk of asthma at the age of 7, whereas being small for gestational age did not.
Conclusions. Maternal smoking in pregnancy increases the risk of asthma during the first 7 years of life, and only a small fraction of the effect seems to be mediated through fetal growth.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  A. K. Ortqvist, C. Lundholm, E. Carlstrom, P. Lichtenstein, S. Cnattingius, and C. Almqvist Familial Factors Do not Confound the Association Between Birth Weight and Childhood Asthma Pediatrics, October 1, 2009; 124(4): e737 - e743. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M-J. Martel, E. Rey, M-F. Beauchesne, J-L. Malo, S. Perreault, A. Forget, and L. Blais Control and severity of asthma during pregnancy are associated with asthma incidence in offspring: two-stage case-control study Eur. Respir. J., September 1, 2009; 34(3): 579 - 587. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Villamor, A. Iliadou, and S. Cnattingius Is the Association Between Low Birth Weight and Asthma Independent of Genetic and Shared Environmental Factors? Am. J. Epidemiol., June 1, 2009; 169(11): 1337 - 1343. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Lin, V. Tran, and P. Talbot Comparison of toxicity of smoke from traditional and harm-reduction cigarettes using mouse embryonic stem cells as a novel model for preimplantation development Hum. Reprod., February 1, 2009; 24(2): 386 - 397. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. E. Gilman, H. Gardener, and S. L. Buka Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy and Children's Cognitive and Physical Development: A Causal Risk Factor? Am. J. Epidemiol., September 1, 2008; 168(5): 522 - 531. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Metsala, A. Kilkkinen, M. Kaila, H. Tapanainen, T. Klaukka, M. Gissler, and S. M. Virtanen Perinatal Factors and the Risk of Asthma in Childhood--A Population-based Register Study in Finland Am. J. Epidemiol., July 15, 2008; 168(2): 170 - 178. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. F Olsen, M. L. Osterdal, J. D. Salvig, L. M. Mortensen, D. Rytter, N. J Secher, and T. B. Henriksen Fish oil intake compared with olive oil intake in late pregnancy and asthma in the offspring: 16 y of registry-based follow-up from a randomized controlled trial Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2008; 88(1): 167 - 175. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. A. Fowler, S. Cassie, S. M. Rhind, M. J. Brewer, J. M. Collinson, R. G. Lea, P. J. Baker, S. Bhattacharya, and P. J. O'Shaughnessy Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy Specifically Reduces Human Fetal Desert Hedgehog Gene Expression during Testis Development J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2008; 93(2): 619 - 626. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. T. Hugg, M. S. Jaakkola, R. O. Ruotsalainen, V. J. Pushkarev, and J. J.K. Jaakkola Parental smoking behaviour and effects of tobacco smoke on children's health in Finland and Russia Eur J Public Health, February 1, 2008; 18(1): 55 - 62. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. K. Selgrade Immunotoxicity The Risk is Real Toxicol. Sci., December 1, 2007; 100(2): 328 - 332. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C.-W. Chung, J.-D. Wang, C.-F. Yu, and M.-C. Yang Lifetime medical expenditure and life expectancy lost attributable to smoking through major smoking related diseases in Taiwan Tob. Control, December 1, 2007; 16(6): 394 - 399. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Caudri, A. Wijga, U. Gehring, H. A. Smit, B. Brunekreef, M. Kerkhof, M. Hoekstra, J. Gerritsen, and J. C. de Jongste Respiratory Symptoms in the First 7 Years of Life and Birth Weight at Term: The PIAMA Birth Cohort Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., May 15, 2007; 175(10): 1078 - 1085. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. D. Goodwin, P. Wickramaratne, Y. Nomura, and M. M. Weissman Familial Depression and Respiratory Illness in Children Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, May 1, 2007; 161(5): 487 - 494. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Saenger, P. Czernichow, I. Hughes, and E. O. Reiter Small for Gestational Age: Short Stature and Beyond Endocr. Rev., April 1, 2007; 28(2): 219 - 251. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. A. Ramadas, A. Sadeghnejad, W. Karmaus, S. H. Arshad, S. Matthews, M. Huebner, D-Y. Kim, and S. L. Ewart Interleukin-1R antagonist gene and pre-natal smoke exposure are associated with childhood asthma Eur. Respir. J., March 1, 2007; 29(3): 502 - 508. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. D Gessner and M.-A. R Chimonas Asthma is associated with preterm birth but not with small for gestational age status among a population-based cohort of Medicaid-enrolled children <10 years of age Thorax, March 1, 2007; 62(3): 231 - 236. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E K Chung, R L Miller, M T Wilson, S J McGeady, and J F Culhane Antenatal risk factors, cytokines and the development of atopic disease in early childhood Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed., January 1, 2007; 92(1): F68 - F73. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Nepomnyaschy and N. E. Reichman Low Birthweight and Asthma Among Young Urban Children Am J Public Health, September 1, 2006; 96(9): 1604 - 1610. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. A. Wood Prospects for the Prevention of Allergy: A Losing Battle or a Battle Still Worth Fighting? Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, May 1, 2006; 160(5): 552 - 554. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. S. Halterman, K. M. Conn, E. Forbes-Jones, M. Fagnano, A. D. Hightower, and P. G. Szilagyi Behavior Problems Among Inner-City Children With Asthma: Findings From a Community-Based Sample Pediatrics, February 1, 2006; 117(2): e192 - e199. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Vassallo, K. Tamada, J. S. Lau, P. R. Kroening, and L. Chen Cigarette Smoke Extract Suppresses Human Dendritic Cell Function Leading to Preferential Induction of Th-2 Priming J. Immunol., August 15, 2005; 175(4): 2684 - 2691. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Childhood Asthma Linked with Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy Journal Watch Women's Health, March 23, 2004; 2004(323): 7 - 7. [Full Text]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |