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Lucía Artazcoz, MPH, Joan Benach, PhD, Carme Borrell, PhD and Immaculada Cortès, MPH

Lucía Artazcoz and Joan Benach are with the Department of Experimental Sciences and Health, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain. Lucía Artazcoz, Carme Borrell, and Immaculada Cortès are with the Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona.

Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Lucía Artazcoz, MPH, Agència de Salut Pública, Pl Lesseps 1, 08023 Barcelona, Spain (e-mail: lartazco{at}imsb.bcn.es).

Objectives. We examined gender differences in the effects of unemployment on mental health and assessed whether such effects are associated with interactions among gender, family roles, and social class.

Methods. Our analysis included 3881 employed and 638 unemployed workers, aged 25 to 64 years, interviewed in the 1994 Catalonian Health Survey.

Results. Unemployment had more of an effect on the mental health of men (age-adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 2.98; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.30, 3.87) than on that of women (age-adjusted OR = 1.51; 95% CI = 1.11, 2.06). Gender differences in effects were related to family responsibilities and social class.

Conclusions. Understanding the effects of unemployment on mental health requires consideration of the interactions among gender, family responsibilities, and social class.

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