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Mardge H. Cohen, MD, Judith A. Cook, PhD, Dennis Grey, BA, Mary Young, MD, Lawrence H. Hanau, MD, Phyllis Tien, MD, Alexandra M. Levine, MD and Tracey E. Wilson, PhD

Mardge H. Cohen is with the CORE Center, Cook County Hospital, Cook County Bureau of Health Services, Chicago, Ill. Judith A. Cook and Dennis Grey are with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago. Mary Young is with the Department of Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC. Lawrence H. Hanau is with the Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY. Phyllis Tien is with the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, and San Francisco Department of Veterans Affairs. Alexandra M. Levine is with the Division of Hematology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles. Tracey E. Wilson is with the Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY.

Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Mardge H. Cohen, MD, 2020 W Harrison, Chicago, IL 60612 (e-mail: mcohen{at}corecenter.org).

Objectives. We investigated the prevalence and characteristics of HIV-positive women who do not report highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) use.

Methods. We analyzed HAART use among 1165 HIV-positive participants in the Women’s Interagency HIV Study.

Results. Between October 1, 2000, and March 31, 2001, 254 women with clinical indications for HAART reported not using it, 635 reported HAART use, and 276 had no clinical indications. In multivariate analysis, using crack/cocaine/heroin and a history of abuse decreased the likelihood of using HAART, whereas being White increased it.

Conclusions. One of 4 women for whom HAART was indicated reported not using HAART. Childhood sexual abuse prevention, more intensive abuse treatment, and continuing drug treatment may enhance HIV disease treatment of women.

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