|
 |
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
© 2004 American Public Health Association
RESEARCH AND PRACTICE |
David Hammond and Geoffrey T. Fong are with the Department of Psychology at the University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario. Paul W. McDonald and Roy Cameron are with the Department of Health Studies, and K. Stephen Brown is with the Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science at the University of Waterloo. Paul W. McDonald and K. Stephen Brown are also with the Ontario Tobacco Research Unit. Geoffrey T. Fong, Paul W. McDonald, Roy Cameron, and K. Stephen Brown are also with the Centre for Behavioural Research and Program Evaluation, University of Waterloo.
Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to David Hammond, Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada (e-mail: dhammond{at}uwaterloo.ca).
Objectives. We assessed the impact of graphic Canadian cigarette warning labels.
Methods. We used a longitudinal telephone survey of 616 adult smokers.
Results. Approximately one fifth of participants reported smoking less as a result of the labels; only 1% reported smoking more. Although participants reported negative emotional responses to the warnings including fear (44%) and disgust (58%), smokers who reported greater negative emotion were more likely to have quit, attempted to quit, or reduced their smoking 3 months later. Participants who attempted to avoid the warnings (30%) were no less likely to think about the warnings or engage in cessation behavior at follow-up.
Conclusions. Policymakers should not be reluctant to introduce vivid or graphic warnings for fear of adverse outcomes.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  R Borland, N Wilson, G T Fong, D Hammond, K M Cummings, H-H Yong, W Hosking, G Hastings, J Thrasher, and A McNeill Impact of graphic and text warnings on cigarette packs: findings from four countries over five years Tob. Control, October 1, 2009; 18(5): 358 - 364. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. I. Vardavas, G. Connolly, K. Karamanolis, and A. Kafatos Adolescents perceived effectiveness of the proposed European graphic tobacco warning labels Eur J Public Health, April 1, 2009; 19(2): 212 - 217. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. I. Fathelrahman, M. Omar, R. Awang, R. Borland, G. T. Fong, D. Hammond, and Z. Zain Smokers' responses toward cigarette pack warning labels in predicting quit intention, stage of change, and self-efficacy Nicotine Tob Res, March 1, 2009; 11(3): 248 - 253. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Huisman, J. Brug, and J. Mackenbach Absinthe is its history relevant for current public health? Int. J. Epidemiol., August 1, 2007; 36(4): 738 - 744. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. I. Vardavas and A. G. Kafatos Smoking policy and prevalence in Greece: an overview Eur J Public Health, April 1, 2007; 17(2): 211 - 213. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Wander and R. E Malone Making Big Tobacco Give In: You Lose, They Win Am J Public Health, November 1, 2006; 96(11): 2048 - 2054. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D Hammond, G T Fong, A McNeill, R Borland, and K M Cummings Effectiveness of cigarette warning labels in informing smokers about the risks of smoking: findings from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey Tob. Control, June 1, 2006; 15(suppl_3): iii19 - iii25. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Hammond, G. T. Fong, P. W. Mcdonald, K. S. Brown, and R. Cameron Showing leads to doing: graphic cigarette warning labels are an effective public health policy. Eur J Public Health, April 1, 2006; 16(2): 223 - 224. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. C. Willemsen The new EU cigarette health warnings benefit smokers who want to quit the habit: results from the Dutch Continuous Survey of Smoking Habits Eur J Public Health, August 1, 2005; 15(4): 389 - 392. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. A. C. Ruiter and G. Kok Saying is not (always) doing: cigarette warning labels are useless Eur J Public Health, June 1, 2005; 15(3): 329 - 329. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |