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February 2005, Vol 95, No. 2 | American Journal of Public Health 266-272
© 2005 American Public Health Association
DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2003.031179

RESEARCH AND PRACTICE

Attributable Risk of Injury Associated With Alcohol Use: Cross-National Data From the Emergency Room Collaborative Alcohol Analysis Project

Cheryl J. Cherpitel, DrPH, Yu Ye, MA and Jason Bond, PhD

The authors are with the Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Berkeley, Calif.

Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Cheryl J. Cherpitel, DrPH, Alcohol Research Group, 2000 Hearst Ave, Berkeley, CA 94709 (e-mail: ccherpitel{at}arg.org).

Objectives. We sought to determine gender- and age-specific attributable risks of all-cause and violence-related injuries associated with alcohol use.

Methods. We used meta-analytic techniques to estimate attributable risks observed in emergency room studies conducted in 7 countries (n=17708).

Results. In the case of both alcohol consumption before the injury event and individual drinking patterns, pooled attributable risk effect sizes for all-cause injuries were significant but minimal (2% to 6%). Effect sizes for violence-related injuries were 43% for drinking before an injury event and 27% for individual drinking pattern. Risks were greater for men, but no age-specific differences were found.

Conclusions. This meta-analysis showed that attributable risk of injury is greater for drinking before the injury event than for drinking pattern; in addition, risks were more pronounced for violence-related injuries. Differences in risk were explained by variables related to sociocultural contexts.




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