Hip Fracture Risk Among Community-Dwelling Elderly People in the United States: A Prospective Study of Physical, Cognitive, and Socioeconomic Indicators
Robin Taylor Wilson, PhD,
Gary A. Chase, PhD,
Elizabeth A. Chrischilles, PhD and
Robert B. Wallace, MD, MS
Robin Taylor Wilson and Gary A. Chase are with the Divisions of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Health Evaluation Sciences, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, and the Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey. Elizabeth A. Chrischilles and Robert B. Wallace are with the Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City.
Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Robin Taylor Wilson, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Evaluation Sciences, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, 600 Centerview Dr, Suite 2200, Mail Code A210, Hershey, PA 17033-0855 (e-mail: rwilson{at}psu.edu).
Objectives. We determined risks of short-term (2-year) hip fracturein a nationally representative, prospective cohort of community-dwellingelderly people 70 years or older.
Methods. We used self-report data from 2 waves of the Assetand Health Dynamics Survey (n = 5630). Sample-weighted logisticregression analyses were conducted to determine risk of hipfracture in relation to several demographic, cognitive, physical,and socioeconomic indicators.
Results. During the 2-year study period, 102 participants reporteda new hip fracture. Several indicators of physical functioningand cognitive status, including incorrect delayed word recalland inability to lift 10 lbs (4.5 kg), were significantly associatedwith hip fracture risk. In the final model, mobile home residents,individuals without Medicare part B insurance, and those withouta high-school diploma were at more than a 2-fold risk of hipfracture. Educational level, physical functioning, and insurancestatus were the top 3 contributors to hip fracture risk.
Conclusions. In addition to functional status measures, healthinsurance status, educational level, and type of residence appearto be independent predictors of hip fracture.
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