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© 2007 American Public Health Association
DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2006.104406
RESEARCH AND PRACTICE |
Emma Robertson Blackmore is with the University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York. Stephen A. Stansfeld is with the Center for Psychiatry, Barts and the London Queen Mary’s School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, England. Iris Weller and Brandon M. Zagorski are with the Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario. Sarah Munce and Donna E. Stewart are with the Women’s Health Program, University Health Network, Toronto.
Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Emma Robertson Blackmore, Department of Psychiatry, BOX PSYCH 4–9200, University of Rochester Medical Center, 300 Crittenden Boulevard, Rochester, NY 14462–8409. (e-mail: emma_robertsonblackmore{at}urmc.rochester.edu).
Objectives. We determined the proportion of workers meeting criteria for major depressive episodes in the past year and examined the association between psychosocial work-stress variables and these episodes.
Methods. Data were derived from the Canadian Community Health Survey 1.2, a population-based survey of 24324 employed, community-dwelling individuals conducted in 2002. We assessed depressive episodes using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview.
Results. Of the original sample, 4.6% (weighted n=745948) met criteria for major depressive episodes. High job strain was significantly associated with depression among men (odds ratio [OR]=2.38; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.29, 4.37), and lack of social support at work was significantly associated with depression in both genders (men, OR=2.70; 95% CI=1.55, 4.71; women, OR=2.37; 95% CI=1.71, 3.29). Women with low levels of decision authority were more likely to have depression (OR=1.59; 95% CI=1.06, 2.39) than were women with high levels of authority.
Conclusions. A significant proportion of the workforce experienced major depressive episodes in the year preceding our study. Gender differences appear to affect work-stress factors that increase risk for depression. Prevention strategies need to be developed with employers and employee organizations to address work organization and to increase social support.
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