HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Figures Only Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: AJPH.2006.106377v1 98/2/304    most recent Submit a response View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Web of Science (12) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Farrelly, M. C. Articles by Nelson, D. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Farrelly, M. C. Articles by Nelson, D. Related Collections Health Policy Other Statistics/Evaluation/Research Tobacco Control

Matthew C. Farrelly, PhD, Terry F. Pechacek, PhD, Kristin Y. Thomas, MsPH and David Nelson, MD, MPH

Matthew C. Farrelly is with the Division of Public Health and Environment, RTI International, and the RTI–UNC Center of Excellence in Health Promotion Economics, Research Triangle Park, NC. Terry F. Pechacek and David Nelson are with the Office of Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga. Kristin Y. Thomas is with the Division of Public Health and Environment, RTI International, Washington, DC.

Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Matthew C. Farrelly, PhD, RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Rd, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 (e-mail: mcf{at}rti.org).

Objectives. We examined whether state tobacco control programs are effective in reducing the prevalence of adult smoking.

Methods. We used state survey data on smoking from 1985 to 2003 in a quasi-experimental design to examine the association between cumulative state antitobacco program expenditures and changes in adult smoking prevalence, after we controlled for confounding.

Results. From 1985 to 2003, national adult smoking prevalence declined from 29.5% to 18.6% (P<.001). Increases in state per capita tobacco control program expenditures were independently associated with declines in prevalence. Program expenditures were more effective in reducing smoking prevalence among adults aged 25 or older than for adults aged 18 to 24 years, whereas cigarette prices had a stronger effect on adults aged 18 to 24 years. If, starting in 1995, all states had funded their tobacco control programs at the minimum or optimal levels recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, there would have been 2.2 million to 7.1 million fewer smokers by 2003.

Conclusions. State tobacco control program expenditures are independently associated with overall reductions in adult smoking prevalence.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				V. Cokkinides, P. Bandi, C. McMahon, A. Jemal, T. Glynn, and E. Ward Tobacco Control in the United States--Recent Progress And Opportunities CA Cancer J Clin, November 1, 2009; 59(6): 352 - 365. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. L. Alesci, J. L. Forster, and D. J. Erickson Did youth smoking behaviors change before and after the shutdown of Minnesota Youth Tobacco Prevention Initiative? Nicotine Tob Res, October 1, 2009; 11(10): 1196 - 1204. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				State-Specific Prevalence and Trends in Adult Cigarette Smoking--United States, 1998-2007 JAMA, July 15, 2009; 302(3): 250 - 252. [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Jemal, M. J. Thun, L. A. G. Ries, H. L. Howe, H. K. Weir, M. M. Center, E. Ward, X.-C. Wu, C. Eheman, R. Anderson, et al. Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, 1975-2005, Featuring Trends in Lung Cancer, Tobacco Use, and Tobacco Control J Natl Cancer Inst, December 3, 2008; 100(23): 1672 - 1694. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. J. Elton and P. Campbell Smoking prevalence in a north-west town following the introduction of Smoke-free England J. Public Health Med., December 1, 2008; 30(4): 415 - 420. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. J. Chaloupka Smoking, Food Insecurity, and Tobacco Control Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, November 1, 2008; 162(11): 1096 - 1098. [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. M. Hartman, M. J. Thun, R. Ballard-Barbash, and for the Organizing Committee Linking Tobacco Control Policies and Practices to Early Cancer Endpoints: Surveillance as an Agent for Change Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., September 1, 2008; 17(9): 2215 - 2219. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]