Advertisement
AJPH
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

AJPH First Look, published online ahead of print Sep 17, 2009
This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Supplemental Data
Right arrow All Versions of this Article:
AJPH.2008.153619v1
99/11/1988    most recent
Right arrow Submit a response
Right arrow purchase articles
Right arrow View Shopping Cart
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me when eLetters are posted
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in Web of Science
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Right arrow Get other permissions
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Colford, J. M.
Right arrow Articles by Eisenberg, J. N.S.
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Colford, J. M., Jr
Right arrow Articles by Eisenberg, J. N.S.
Related Collections
Right arrow Aging
Right arrow Community Health
Right arrow Epidemiology
November 2009, Vol 99, No. 11 | American Journal of Public Health 1988-1995
© 2009 American Public Health Association
DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2008.153619

RESEARCH AND PRACTICE

The Sonoma Water Evaluation Trial: A Randomized Drinking Water Intervention Trial to Reduce Gastrointestinal Illness in Older Adults

John M. Colford, Jr, MD, PhD, MPH, Joan F. Hilton, ScD, Catherine C. Wright, MPH, Benjamin F. Arnold, MPH, Sona Saha, MPH, Timothy J. Wade, PhD, MPH, James Scott, PhD and Joseph N.S. Eisenberg, PhD, MPH

At the time of the study, John M. Colford Jr, Catherine C. Wright, Benjamin F. Arnold, Sona Saha, James Scott, and Joseph N. S. Eisenberg were with the School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley. Joan F. Hilton is with the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco. Timothy J. Wade is with the United States Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC.

Correspondence: Correspondence should be sent to John M. Colford, Jr, School of Public Health, University of California, 50 University Hall, MC 7360, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360 (e-mail: jcolford{at}berkeley.edu). Reprints can be ordered at http://www.ajph.org by clicking the "Reprints/Eprints" link.

Objectives. We estimated the relative rate of highly credible gastrointestinal illness (HCGI) per year associated with active versus sham household water filtration devices among older adults in a community receiving tap water meeting current US standards.

Methods. We conducted a randomized, triple-blinded, crossover trial in 714 households (988 individuals), which used active and sham water filtration devices for 6 months each. We estimated the annual incidence rate ratio of HCGI episodes and the longitudinal prevalence ratio of HCGI days at population and individual levels with a generalized estimating equation (GEE) and generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs), respectively, adjusted for covariates associated with outcome.

Results. The incidence rate ratios (active versus sham) were 0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.77, 1.00) and 0.85 (95% CI = 0.76, 0.94) HCGI episodes per year estimated by GEE and GLMM models, respectively. The corresponding longitudinal prevalence ratios were 0.88 (95% CI = 0.74, 1.05) and 0.84 (95% CI = 0.78, 0.90) HCGI days per person per year.

Conclusions. We observed reductions in population- and individual-level measures of HCGI associated with use of the active filtration device. These findings suggest the need for further research on the impact of drinking water on the health of sensitive subpopulations.






HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Copyright © 2009 by the American Public Health Association