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This Article Figures Only Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: AJPH.2008.139519v1 99/11/2069    most recent Submit a response View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Web of Science (1) Google Scholar Articles by Crepaz, N. Articles by O'Leary, A. PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Crepaz, N. Articles by O'Leary, A. Related Collections Gender HIV/AIDS African Americans/Blacks Women's Health

Nicole Crepaz, PhD, Khiya J. Marshall, DrPH, Latrina W. Aupont, MPH, Elizabeth D. Jacobs, MPH, Yuko Mizuno, PhD, Linda S. Kay, MPH, Patricia Jones, DrPH, Donna Hubbard McCree, PhD, MPH, RPh and Ann O'Leary, PhD

At the time of the study, all authors were with the Prevention Research Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.

Correspondence: Correspondence should be sent to Nicole Crepaz, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Prevention Research Branch, 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop E-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 (e-mail: ncrepaz{at}cdc.gov). Reprints can be ordered at http://www.ajph.org by clicking the "Reprints/Eprints" link.

Objectives. We evaluated the efficacy of HIV behavioral interventions for African American females in the United States, and we identified factors associated with intervention efficacy.

Methods. We conducted a comprehensive literature review covering studies published from January 1988 to June 2007, which yielded 37 relevant studies. Data were analyzed using mixed-effects models and meta-regression.

Results. Overall, behavioral interventions had a significant impact on reductions in HIV-risk sex behaviors (odds ratio [OR] = 0.63; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.54, 0.75; n = 11 239; Cochrane Q₃₂ = 84.73; P < .001) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs; OR = 0.81; 95% CI = 0.67, 0.98; n = 8760; Cochrane Q₁₆ = 22.77; P = .12). Greater intervention efficacy was observed in studies that specifically targeted African American females used gender- or culture-specific materials, used female deliverers, addressed empowerment issues, provided skills training in condom use and negotiation of safer sex, and used role-playing to teach negotiation skills.

Conclusions. Behavioral interventions are efficacious at preventing HIV and STIs among African American females. More research is needed to examine the potential contribution of prevention strategies that attend to community-level and structural-level factors affecting HIV infection and transmission in this population.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				D. W. Purcell and D. H. McCree Recommendations From a Research Consultation to Address Intervention Strategies for HIV/AIDS Prevention Focused on African Americans Am J Public Health, November 1, 2009; 99(11): 1937 - 1940. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]