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This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: AJPH.2006.106211v1 99/5/793    most recent Submit a response View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Hildebrandt, E. Articles by Stevens, P. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Hildebrandt, E. Articles by Stevens, P. Related Collections Community Health Family Health Health Policy Other Race/Ethnicity Socioeconomic Factors Women's Health

Eugenie Hildebrandt, PhD, RN, ANP and Patricia Stevens, PhD, RN

Eugenie Hildebrandt and Patricia Stevens are with the College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.

Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Eugenie Hildebrandt, PhD, RN, ANP, Associate Professor, College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, PO Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201 (e-mail: hbrandt{at}uwm.edu).

In the United States, the numbers of impoverished women with children and no cash safety net are increasing and constitute an emerging population. Many have exhausted cash benefits from Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, the work-based welfare program that replaced Aid to Families With Dependent Children in 1996. We examine empirical evidence about poverty and use of welfare programs in the United States, jobs for women on welfare, the consequences of leaving welfare, health disparities disproportionate to those of the general population, and outcomes for children of needy families. It is important that public health researchers investigate the experiences of the families for whom Temporary Assistance for Needy Families has failed.