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Julie A. Baldwin, PhD, Jeannette L. Johnson, PhD and Christine C. Benally, BA

Julie A. Baldwin is with the Department of Community and Family Health, College of Public Health, University of South Florida. Jeannette L. Johnson is with the Friends Research Institute, Baltimore, MD. Christine C. Benally is with the Ft. Defiance Service Unit of the Indian Health Service, Fort Defiance, AZ.

Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Julie A. Baldwin, PhD, Professor and Chair, Department of Community and Family Health, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, 13 201 Bruce B. Downs, Blvd., MDC 56, Tampa, FL 33 612 (e-mail: jbaldwin{at}health.usf.edu).

Many HIV/AIDS and substance abuse prevention studies in American Indian and Alaska Native communities have been directed by academic researchers with little community input.

We examined the challenges in conducting HIV/AIDS-related research in American Indian and Alaska Native communities and the benefits of changing the research paradigm to a community-based participatory model. The lessons we learned illustrate that the research process should be a cyclical one with continual involvement by community members. Steps in the process include (1) building and sustaining collaborative relationships, (2) planning the program together, (3) implementing and evaluating the program in culturally acceptable ways, and (4) disseminating research findings from a tribal perspective.

These steps can enhance the long-term capacity of the community to conduct HIV/AIDS and substance abuse prevention research.

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