© 2009 American Public Health Association DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2008.150391
Deborah J. Morton, Jennifer Reid, and Deborah L. Wingard are with the Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA. Mario D. Garrett is with the Department of Gerontology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA Correspondence: Requests for reprints should be sent to Deborah J. Morton, PhD, MA, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, University of California San Diego, Moore's Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive MC 0901, La Jolla, CA 92093-0901 (e-mail: dmorton@ucsd.edu; deb.don@cox.net).
We appreciate Acton and Bullock's concerns about diabetes case identification and tobacco use ascertainment bias in Indian Health Service (IHS) data, in which we demonstrated that patients with diabetes were smoking at significantly higher rates than were patients without diabetes.
Our diabetes case definition was determined by at least 1 entry of a physician-assigned diabetes International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision1 code in the 5-year study period, based on 2 abnormal glucose values or symptoms. All diabetes cases were validated by a corresponding date of diagnosis, and no cases were missing this date. In a clinical setting, why would a
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||