Cost-Effectiveness of Earlier Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy for Uninsured HIV-Infected Adults
Bruce R. Schackman, PhD,
Sue J. Goldie, MD, MPH,
Milton C. Weinstein, PhD,
Elena Losina, PhD,
Hong Zhang, SM and
Kenneth A. Freedberg, MD, MSc
At the time of the study Bruce R. Schackman was, and Sue J. Goldie, Milton C. Weinstein, and Kenneth A. Freedberg are now, with the Center for Risk Analysis, Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass. Elena Losina and Dr. Freedberg are with the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston. Dr. Losina, Hong Zhang, and Dr. Freedberg are with the Division of General Medicine and Partners AIDS Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston.
FIGURE 1—Clinical outcomes of early vs deferred antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV-infected adults with CD4 cell counts of 500/µL at cohort entry. (A) Mean CD4 cells/µL of patients remaining alive. (B) Cumulative deaths per 1000 patients. (C) Cumulative opportunistic infections per 1000 patients.
FIGURE 2—Budget impact on all government payers of early vs deferred antiretroviral therapy (ART) strategies: undiscounted 1998 dollars per patient with CD4 cell count of 500/µL at cohort entry.