Associations Between Income Inequality and Mortality Among US States: The Importance of Time Period and Source of Income Data
John Lynch, PhD, MPH,
Sam Harper, MPH,
George A. Kaplan, PhD and
George Davey Smith, MD, PhD
John Lynch, Sam Harper, and George A. Kaplan are with the Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. John Lynch is also with the Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec. George Davey Smith is with the Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, England.
FIGURE 1—Cross-sectional associations between income inequality (derived from census income data) and mortality for US states at 10-year intervals, (a) 1949 through (f) 1999.
FIGURE 2—Cross-sectional associations between income inequality and mortality based on (a) US census data and (b) Internal Revenue Service (IRS) tax return data: US states, 1989.