Consumption of Soft Drinks and Hyperactivity, Mental Distress, and Conduct Problems Among Adolescents in Oslo, Norway
Lars Lien, MD, MSc,
Nanna Lien, PhD,
Sonja Heyerdahl, PhD,
Magne Thoresen, PhD and
Espen Bjertness, PhD
The authors are with the University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. Lars Lien and Espen Bjertness are with the Section for Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Institute of General Practice and Community Medicine. Nanna Lien is with the Department for Nutritional Research, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences. Magne Thoresen is with the Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences. Sonja Heyerdahl is with the Regional Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
FIGURE 1—Gender-specific 95% confidence intervals and mean scores for mental distress (a), conduct problems (b), hyperactivity (c), and total difficulties (d), by number of glasses of sugar-containing soft drinks consumed, among 15- and 16-year-old students in Oslo, Norway, 20002001.