Self-Reported Discrimination and Mental Health Status Among African Descendants, Mexican Americans, and Other Latinos in the New Hampshire REACH 2010 Initiative: The Added Dimension of Immigration
Gilbert C. Gee, PhD,
Andrew Ryan, MA,
David J. Laflamme, PhD, MPH and
Jeanie Holt, MS, RN
Gilbert C. Gee is with the School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Andrew Ryan is with the Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, Mass. David J. Laflamme is with the University of New Hampshire School of Health and Human Services, Durham. Jeanie Holt is with the New Hampshire Minority Health Coalition, Manchester.
FIGURE 1—Associations between self-reported discrimination and MCS12 score for discomfort/anger discrimination, by ethnicity (a); health care discrimination, by ethnicity (b); and health care discrimination, by length of residency in the United States (c).
Note. MCS12 = Mental Component Summary subscale from the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 12. Age, gender, nativity, income, education, insurance, and employment were controlled. "Short residency" and "long residency" refer to 1 standard deviation below and above the mean, respectively, in terms of years in the United States. Figures 1a and 1b include both immigrants and US-born respondents; Figure 1c includes only immigrants.