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AJPH First Look, published online ahead of print Jun 28, 2007
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The Rise and Fall of Tobacco Control Media Campaigns, 1967–2006

Jennifer K. Ibrahim, PhD, MPH, MA and Stanton A. Glantz, PhD

Jennifer K. Ibrahim is with the Department of Public Health at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pa. Stanton A. Glantz is with the School of Medicine and the Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education at the University of California, San Francisco.


Figure 1
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  		FIGURE 1—— Per capita cigarette consumption in the United States: 1963–2004.

Source. Orzechowski and Walker.3

Note. ALF=American Legacy Foundation.

 

Figure 2
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  		FIGURE 2—— Billions of 2005 dollars spent by the tobacco industry on advertising and promotions in the United States: 1963–2003.

Source. Federal Trade Commission.4

Note. ALF=American Legacy Foundation. With the implementation of the Fairness Doctrine in 1970, the tobacco industry steadily increased its expenditures for advertising and promotions throughout the 1970s and 1980s; however, such expenditures began to climb quickly with the introduction of state tobacco control media campaigns in the 1990s.

 

Figure 3
Figure 3
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  		These billboards illustrate the wide range of messages possible in tobacco control media campaigns. The top billboard, from California in 2001, illustrates the strategy of "industry manipulation," which highlights the tobacco industry’s behavior. The bottom billboard, from 2002, was part of a weak media campaign in Michigan after Governor John Engler’s (R) political staff took control of the campaign, excluding the state health department’s staff from any involvement.

Source. Photo courtesy of Ronald Davis.

 




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