Crossing Borders: The Impact of the California Tobacco Control Program on Both Sides of the US–Mexico Border
Ana P. Martínez-Donate, PhD,
Melbourne F. Hovell, PhD, MPH,
C. Richard Hofstetter, PhD,
Guillermo J. González-Pérez, PhD,
Anu Kotay, MS and
Marc A. Adams, MPH
At the time of the study, Ana P. Martínez-Donate, Melbourne F. Hovell, Anu Kotay, and Marc A. Adams were with the Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, Calif. C. Richard Hofstetter is with the Department of Political Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego. Guillermo J. González-Pérez is with the Centro de Estudios en Poblacion y Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico.
FIGURE 1——Standardized prevalence rates of current smoking among adults of Mexican descent (N = 1901), by gender and city: San Diego, Calif; Tijuana, Mexico; and Guadalajara, Mexico, 2003–2004.
Note. Cross-city comparisons represent significant differences (P < .05) based on results of logistic regression models with standardized data, after we controlled for age, gender, education level, marital status, and country of birth. For males and females, San Diego < Tijuana and San Diego < Guadalajara.
FIGURE 2——Standardized prevalence rates of daily exposure to environmental tobacco smoke among adults of Mexican descent (N = 1901), by venue and city: San Diego, Calif; Tijuana, Mexico; and Guadalajara, Mexico, 2003–2004.
Note. Cross-city comparisons represent significant differences (P < .05) based on results of logistic regression models with standardized data, after we controlled for age, gender, education level, marital status, and country of birth. For all venues, San Diego < Tijuana, San Diego < Guadalajara, and Tijuana < Guadalajara. For the home and workplace, San Diego < Tijuana and San Diego < Guadalajara.
FIGURE 3——Standardized prevalence rates of smoking bans among adults of Mexican descent (N = 1901), by venue and city: San Diego, Calif; Tijuana, Mexico; and Guadalajara, Mexico, 2003–2004.
Note. Cross-city comparisons represent significant differences (P < .05) based on results of logistic regression models with standardized data, after we controlled for age, gender, education level, marital status, and country of birth. For the home and workplace, San Diego > Tijuana, San Diego > Guadalajara, and Tijuana > Guadalajara.
FIGURE 4——Standardized prevalence rates of history of tobacco-related diseases among adults of Mexican descent (N = 1901), by city: San Diego, Calif; Tijuana, Mexico; and Guadalajara, Mexico, 2003–2004.
Note. Cross-city comparisons represent significant differences (P < .05) based on results of logistic regression models with standardized data, after we controlled for age, gender, education level, marital status, and country of birth. Comparison, San Diego < Tijuana, San Diego < Guadalajara, and Tijuana < Guadalajara.
