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American Journal of Public Health, 10.2105/AJPH.2005.063321
Research and Practice |
1 Columbia University
2 New York University
3 Mount Sinai School of Medicine
4 New York State Office of Mental Health
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: clc3{at}columbia.edu.
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Abstract |
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Objectives: This study examined risk factors for long-term homelessness among newly literally homeless men and women admitted to New York City shelters for single homeless adults.<BR> Methods: Interviews were conducted with 377 subjects upon entry into the shelter and at six month intervals for 18 months using standardized assessments of psychiatric diagnosis, symptoms and coping skills, social and family history, and service use. Baseline assessments were analyzed in relation to duration of homelessness using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression.<BR> Results: Eighty-one percent of subjects returned to community housing during the follow-up period. The median duration of homelessness was 190 days. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that a shorter duration of homelessness was related to younger age, current or recent employment, earned income, good coping skills, adequate family support, the absence of a substance abuse treatment history, and the absence of an arrest history. Cox regression identified that older age group (p<0.05) and arrest history (p<0.01) were the strongest predictors of a longer duration of homelessness.<BR> Conclusions: Identification of risk factors for long-term homelessness can guide efforts to reduce lengths of stay in homeless shelters and develop new preventive interventions.
Key Words: Epidemiology, Homelessness, Mental Health, Urban Health, Substance Abuse
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