Cynthia M. Lyles ^1*, Linda S. Kay ¹, Nicole Crepaz ¹, Jeffrey H. Herbst ¹, Warren F. Passin ¹, Angela S. Kim ¹, Sima M. Rama ¹, Sekhar Thadiparthi ¹, Julia B. DeLuca ¹, Mary M. Mullins ¹

¹ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: clyles{at}cdc.gov.

	Abstract

Objectives. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s HIV/AIDS Prevention Research Synthesis Team conducted a systematic review of US-based HIV behavioral intervention research literature from 2000 through 2004 to identify interventions demonstrating best evidence of efficacy for reducing HIV risk. Methods. Standard systematic review methods were used. Each eligible study was reviewed on the basis of Prevention Research Synthesis Team efficacy criteria that focused on 3 domains: study design, implementation and analysis, and strength of evidence. Results. Eighteen interventions met the criteria for best evidence. Four targeted HIV-positive individuals. Of those targeting populations at risk for HIV, 4 targeted drug users, 6 targeted adults at risk because of heterosexual behaviors only, 2 targeted men who have sex with men, and 2 targeted youths at high risk. Eight interventions focused on women, and 13 had study samples with more than 50% minority participants. Significant intervention effects included increased condom use and reductions in unprotected sexual intercourse, number of sexual partners, injection drug use or needle sharing, and new sexually transmitted infections. Conclusions. Most of the best-evidence interventions are directly applicable for populations in greatest need of effective prevention programs; however, important gaps still exist.

Key Words: HIV/AIDS, Prevention, African Americans/Blacks, Hispanics/Latinos, Sexual Health, Women's Health

This article has been cited by other articles:

				G. E. Wyatt Enhancing Cultural and Contextual Intervention Strategies to Reduce HIV/AIDS Among African Americans Am J Public Health, November 1, 2009; 99(11): 1941 - 1945. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Y. Sutton, R. L. Jones, R. J. Wolitski, J. C. Cleveland, H. D. Dean, and K. A. Fenton A Review of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Response to the HIV/AIDS Crisis Among Blacks in the United States, 1981-2009 Am J Public Health, October 1, 2009; 99(S2): S351 - S359. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. Cornish and A. Gillespie A Pragmatist Approach to the Problem of Knowledge in Health Psychology J Health Psychol, September 1, 2009; 14(6): 800 - 809. [Abstract] [PDF]

				K. R. Amico Percent Total Attrition: A Poor Metric for Study Rigor in Hosted Intervention Designs Am J Public Health, September 1, 2009; 99(9): 1567 - 1575. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. El-Bassel, N. A. Caldeira, L. M. Ruglass, and L. Gilbert Addressing the Unique Needs of African American Women in HIV Prevention Am J Public Health, June 1, 2009; 99(6): 996 - 1001. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. L. Peterson and K. T. Jones HIV Prevention for Black Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States Am J Public Health, June 1, 2009; 99(6): 976 - 980. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. L. Dworkin, R. E. Fullilove, and D. Peacock Are HIV/AIDS Prevention Interventions for Heterosexually Active Men in the United States Gender-Specific? Am J Public Health, June 1, 2009; 99(6): 981 - 984. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. S. Galbraith, B. Stanton, B. Boekeloo, W. King, S. Desmond, D. Howard, M. M. Black, and J. W. Carey Exploring Implementation and Fidelity of Evidence-Based Behavioral Interventions for HIV Prevention: Lessons Learned From the Focus on Kids Diffusion Case Study Health Educ Behav, June 1, 2009; 36(3): 532 - 549. [Abstract] [PDF]

				S. Belenko, R. Dembo, M. Rollie, K. Childs, and C. Salvatore Detecting, Preventing, and Treating Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among Adolescent Arrestees: An Unmet Public Health Need Am J Public Health, June 1, 2009; 99(6): 1032 - 1041. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. R. Friedman, H. L. F. Cooper, and A. H. Osborne Structural and Social Contexts of HIV Risk Among African Americans Am J Public Health, June 1, 2009; 99(6): 1002 - 1008. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. S. Spikes, D. W. Purcell, K. M. Williams, Y. Chen, H. Ding, and P. S. Sullivan Sexual Risk Behaviors Among HIV-Positive Black Men Who Have Sex With Women, With Men, or With Men and Women: Implications for Intervention Development Am J Public Health, June 1, 2009; 99(6): 1072 - 1078. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. B. Barnes and S. Murphy Reproductive Decisions for Women With HIV: Motherhood's Role in Envisioning a Future Qual Health Res, April 1, 2009; 19(4): 481 - 491. [Abstract] [PDF]

				R. Crosby, R. J. DiClemente, R. Charnigo, G. Snow, and A. Troutman A Brief, Clinic-Based, Safer Sex Intervention for Heterosexual African American Men Newly Diagnosed With an STD: A Randomized Controlled Trial Am J Public Health, April 1, 2009; 99(S1): S96 - S103. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. C. Veniegas, U. H. Kao, R. Rosales, and M. Arellanes HIV Prevention Technology Transfer: Challenges and Strategies in the Real World Am J Public Health, April 1, 2009; 99(S1): S124 - S130. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. S. St. Lawrence, C. E. Snodgrass, A. Robertson, and C. Baird-Thomas Minimizing the Risk of Pregnancy, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, and HIV Among Incarcerated Adolescent Girls: Identifying Potential Points of Intervention Criminal Justice and Behavior, December 1, 2008; 35(12): 1500 - 1514. [Abstract] [PDF]

				C A Gaydos, Y-H Hsieh, J S Galbraith, M Barnes, G Waterfield, and B Stanton Focus-on-Teens, sexual risk-reduction intervention for high-school adolescents: impact on knowledge, change of risk-behaviours, and prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases Int J STD AIDS, October 1, 2008; 19(10): 704 - 710. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Jewkes, M Nduna, J Levin, N Jama, K Dunkle, A Puren, and N Duvvury Impact of Stepping Stones on incidence of HIV and HSV-2 and sexual behaviour in rural South Africa: cluster randomised controlled trial BMJ, August 7, 2008; 337(aug07_1): a506 - a506. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. A. Meyer and J. Dimmitt Champion Motivators of HIV Risk-Taking Behavior of Young Gay Latino Men Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, August 1, 2008; 14(4): 310 - 316. [Abstract] [PDF]

				K. T. Jones, P. Gray, Y. O. Whiteside, T. Wang, D. Bost, E. Dunbar, E. Foust, and W. D. Johnson Evaluation of an HIV Prevention Intervention Adapted for Black Men Who Have Sex With Men Am J Public Health, June 1, 2008; 98(6): 1043 - 1050. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A M Foss, M Hossain, P T Vickerman, and C H Watts A systematic review of published evidence on intervention impact on condom use in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia Sex Transm Inf, December 1, 2007; 83(7): 510 - 516. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Schumann, A. Nyamathi, and J. A. Stein HIV Risk Reduction in a Nurse Case-managed TB and HIV Intervention among Homeless Adults J Health Psychol, September 1, 2007; 12(5): 833 - 843. [Abstract] [PDF]