OBJECTIVES: The effect of a community-based physical activity program in Pawtucket, RI, was evaluated relative to one in a comparison community. METHODS: Cross-sectional surveys of 7529 residents of Pawtucket, RI, and 7732 residents of the comparison city were conducted at 2-year intervals during 7 years of intervention. RESULTS: There were no differences in self-reported knowledge of the benefits of physical activity, attempts to increase exercise, or prevalence of physical inactivity between Pawtucket and the comparison community. CONCLUSIONS: Future community-based physical activity interventions should attempt to involve a wider range of individuals.